使用普通的copy命令是无法备份和更新flash中的HTML目录的，这个目录中保存着交换机的WEB管理界面。  
从cisco网站上下来的IOS如果为TAR格式，就说明该IOS中包含了WEB管理套件，因此必须使用archive命令对其进行备份。

备份IOS  
2950#archive tar /create tftp://192.168.1.1/c2950.tar flash:
!!
archiving c2950-i6q4l2-mz.121-11.EA1.bin (2664051 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
archiving config.text (1144 bytes)
archiving vlan.dat (684 bytes)!
archiving html (directory)
archiving html/homepage.htm (3991 bytes)!
archiving html/not_supported.html (1392 bytes)
archiving html/common.js (9449 bytes)!!
archiving html/cms_splash.gif (22152 bytes)!!!!!
archiving html/cms_13.html (1211 bytes)
archiving html/cluster.html (2823 bytes)!
archiving html/Redirect.jar (4226 bytes)!
archiving html/c4v4_disc.sgz (10719 bytes)!!
archiving html/CMS.sgz (1135850 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
archiving html/CiscoChartPanel.sgz (57732 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!
archiving html/cms_boot.jar (39500 bytes)!!!!!!!!
archiving info (109 bytes)
archiving info.ver (109 bytes)!
archiving crashinfo (directory)
archiving crashinfo/crashinfo_1 (1317 bytes)
archiving crashinfo/crashinfo_2 (1317 bytes)!
archiving env_vars (320 bytes)
2950#

在TFTP目录下可以找到c2950.tar文件，这就是整个IOS的备份！  

更新IOS过程如下：
首先要格式化flash，将原先的IOS删掉，在这之前，最好先对老的IOS做好备份！
2950#format flash:
format operation may take a while. Continue? [confirm]
format operation will destroy all data in "flash:".  Continue? [confirm]
flashfs[1]: 0 files, 1 directories
flashfs[1]: 0 orphaned files, 0 orphaned directories
flashfs[1]: Total bytes: 7741440
flashfs[1]: Bytes used: 1024
flashfs[1]: Bytes available: 7740416
flashfs[1]: flashfs fsck took 6 seconds.
format of flash complete
2950#
看看flash中还有些什么？  

2950#sh flash

Directory of flash:/

No files in directory

7741440 bytes total (7740416 bytes free)
2950#
开始更新啦！  

2950#archive tar /xtract tftp://192.168.1.1/c2950-i6k2l2q4-tar.121-20.EA1.tar flash:

Loading c2950-i6k2l2q4-tar.121-20.EA1.tar from 192.168.1.1 (via Vlan1): !
extracting info (111 bytes)
extracting c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-20.EA1.bin (3617099 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
html/ (directory)
extracting html/cms_boot.jar (151197 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
extracting html/custom_cms.html (2441 bytes)!
extracting html/start.html (576 bytes)
extracting html/cms_splash.gif (22131 bytes)!!!!!
extracting html/err.html (152 bytes)
extracting html/not_supported.html (1392 bytes)
extracting html/cms_13.html (510 bytes)
extracting html/cluster.html (2822 bytes)!
extracting html/test.htm (2301 bytes)!
extracting html/xhome.htm (25029 bytes)!!!!!
extracting html/back-exp.htm (182 bytes)
extracting html/doc.htm (22112 bytes)!!!!
extracting html/tools.htm (21812 bytes)!!!!!
extracting html/sitewide.js (10627 bytes)!!
extracting html/stylesheet.css (3364 bytes)!
extracting html/appsui.js (3092 bytes)!
extracting html/express-setup.htm (61967 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!
extracting html/forms.js (11521 bytes)!!
extracting html/common.js (24978 bytes)!!!!!
extracting html/net_report.htm (21107 bytes)!!!!!
extracting html/cmsplugin.js (1216 bytes)
extracting html/troubleshooting_OS.htm (2851 bytes)!
extracting html/ie_page.htm (2097 bytes)
extracting html/troubleshooting_CMSPlugin.htm (4830 bytes)!
extracting html/splash_screen.htm (1774 bytes)!
extracting html/homepage.htm (605 bytes)
extracting html/ie_report.htm (21165 bytes)!!!!
extracting html/troubleshooting_javascript.htm (8893 bytes)!!
extracting html/troubleshooting_Browser.htm (3704 bytes)!
extracting html/home_help.htm (16166 bytes)!!!!
extracting html/tools_help.htm (13133 bytes)!!
extracting html/ip_help.htm (11533 bytes)!!!
extracting html/es_help.htm (23540 bytes)!!!!
extracting html/doc_help.htm (14186 bytes)!!!
html/ximages/ (directory)
extracting html/ximages/warning.gif (296 bytes)!
extracting html/ximages/pixel.gif (49 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/fatal_error.gif (271 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/question.gif (405 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/confirm.gif (515 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/spacer.gif (49 bytes)!
extracting html/ximages/top.gif (141 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/downleft.gif (53 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/botleft.gif (62 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/arrow.gif (874 bytes)!
extracting html/ximages/download.gif (1287 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/logo.gif (974 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/11_upright.gif (61 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/ip_fig2.gif (5097 bytes)!!
extracting html/ximages/28_upright.gif (110 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/corner_ur_7.gif (53 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/borderback.gif (146 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/upleft2.gif (66 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/button_corner.gif (110 bytes)!
extracting html/ximages/upright.gif (838 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/text_glossary.gif (176 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/title_help.gif (247 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/upright_dot.gif (43 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/ip_fig1.gif (6042 bytes)!!
extracting html/ximages/text_start.gif (239 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/dkgreen.gif (869 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/yellow.gif (881 bytes)!
extracting html/ximages/upright2.gif (49 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/text_print.gif (177 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/green.gif (879 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/downleft1.gif (54 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/glossary_off.gif (118 bytes)!
extracting html/ximages/ip_fig3.gif (9178 bytes)!!
extracting html/ximages/glossary_on.gif (118 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/bottom.gif (149 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/upleft1.gif (51 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/print_on.gif (111 bytes)
extracting html/ximages/left_bkg.gif (146 bytes)!
extracting html/ximages/print_off.gif (111 bytes)
extracting html/CiscoChartPanel.sgz (57732 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!
extracting html/Redirect.jar (1903 bytes)!
extracting html/CMS.pfj (1753291 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
extracting html/images.sgz (188026 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
extracting html/help.sgz (476102 bytes)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
extracting html/distinfo.dat (276 bytes)
extracting html/cms_disc.sgz (40183 bytes)!!!!!!!!
extracting info.ver (111 bytes)!
[OK - 6749696 bytes]

再看看吧  
最新的哦，2004年1月份出来的IOS  

2950#sh flash

Directory of flash:/

   2  -rwx         111   Mar 1 1993 00:33:12 +00:00  info
   3  -rwx     3617099   Mar 1 1993 00:35:04 +00:00  c2950-i6k2l2q4-mz.121-20.E
A1.bin
   4  drwx        2688   Mar 1 1993 00:36:38 +00:00  html
  86  -rwx         111   Mar 1 1993 00:36:39 +00:00  info.ver

7741440 bytes total (1030144 bytes free)
2950#reload
本文出自 51CTO.COM技术博客